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Pol J Cosmetol 2019, 22(3): 217-225pl  Alkaline soaps. Part II. Prescription composition of selected core and pediatric soaps used in hygiene care as well as in the treatment of some skin diseasesMarian M. Zgoda 1/, Andrzej Stańczak 2/, Agnieszka Kolińska 1/, Sławomira Nowak 3/, Zbigniew Marczyński 2/ 1/ Wyższa Szkoła Kosmetyki i Nauk o Zdrowiu w Łodzi 2/ Zakład Farmacji Aptecznej, Katedra Farmacji Stosowanej w Łodzi 3/ Katedra i Zakład Farmakognozji Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Łodzi Summary Introduction. The popularity of core soaps of the "Biały Jeleń" type in personal hygiene was an inspiration to carry out research on their prescription composition and the declared therapeutic profile. Moreover, soaps recommended by pediatricians for use in the care and hygiene of newborns, infants and children were also tested. Aim. The main goal of the research on the technological and functional structure of the tested types of soaps was to determine the water and volatile components content as well as to estimate the hydrogen ion activity on the saponification surface and in a model solution at the phase boundary. The therapeutic profile of soaps was also determined by analyzing the phytochemical composition of the extracts introduced into the fundamental soap base. Material and methods. Popular types of "Biały Jeleń" soap, skin care soaps and soap bases, including one free of sodium lauryl sulfate were the material for comparative studies. Results. Determined content of water in core soaps of "Biały Jeleń" type ranges from 8.44 to 8.66% at the vapor pressure 1013.2 hPa. Soap bases are characterized by a much higher content of water and contain in their technological structure as much as 32.55-34.58% of it. However, pediatric soaps contain a varied amount of water from 5.18 to 11.50%. The measured activities of the hydronium ion in the solution and on the saponification surface indicate that they are alkaline solutions of high concentration and activity of hydroxyl ion. "New Baby Dove" soap for children is characterized by neutral and the lowest value of conductivity. Conclusions. The calculated content of water and volatile components determines their effective time of use. It enables simultaneous effective solubilization of phytochemicals and emulsification of triglycerides during saponification. Soaps for children are characterized by a complex prescription composition, which determines their hygienic and caring qualities. Solutions of soaps generated during the saponification of "soap bars" are characterized by alkaline values of and high values of electrical conductivity typical for ionic surfactants - sodium salts of higher fatty acids. Key words: core soaps "Biały Jeleń", soaps for children, water content, pH of soap solutions, electrical conductivity |