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Copyright @ Pol J Cosmetol
Pol J Cosmetol 2017, 20(4): 359-363pl  Evaluation of formaldehyde concentration in shampoosElżbieta Kulikowska-Karpińska 1/, Małgorzata A. Laskowska 1/, Ewelina Karpińska 2/ 1/ Zakład Toksykologii, Uniwersytet Medyczny w Białystoku 2/ Wydział Biologiczno-Chemiczny, Uniwersytet w Białymstoku Summary Introduction. Preservatives are chemicals that are added to foods, medicines and cosmetics in order to inhibit the growth of microorganisms. Thanks to their use of cosmetic products retain their properties for many months. In cosmetics, as a preservative most commonly used are esters of p-aminobenzoic acid (paraben, methyl paraben, aspetyny), formaldehyde donors known. "Releaser" formaldehyde (Quaternium-15, Germall 115, Germall II, DMDM) and isothiazolinones (MCI/MI, MI). Since formaldehyde is one of the compounds highly reactive, very often there is a contact allergy. For this reason, more and more often replaced by formaldehyde chemical compounds which release formaldehyde gradually and in small amounts. It is believed that this increases considerably the safety of cosmetics. Aim. The aim of this study was to evaluate the concentration of formaldehyde in shampoos. Materials and methods. The formaldehyde concentration was determined by the colorimetric pentane-2,4-dione in 34 out of 13 companies shampoos general available on the market. Results. The concentration of formaldehyde in shampoos was varied and included in the range 0.000-0.201%. The concentration of formaldehyde in shampoos in 94% of the trials did not exceed the NDS 3% of the trials, there was no presence of formaldehyde, 3% of samples exceeded the NDS. Approximately 30% of the formaldehyde concentration in shampoo was low and included in the range 0.008-0.050%. The formaldehyde concentration below 0.1% in 47% of shampoos and not contained in the leaflet warning "contains formaldehyde". Conclusion. It should be assumed that the concentration of formaldehyde in shampoos affected by the following factors: the presence of formaldehyde releaser, the time elapsed since the opening of the product, the presence of natural substances (oils, dyes, fragrances), and surfactants, the type of packaging. Key words: shampoo, preservatives, formaldehyde, the highest acceptable concentration |