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Pol J Cosmetol 2007, 10(4): 222-233pl,en  Biological activity of elements in aspect of skin physiology and use in cosmetology. Part I. MacroelementsRomuald Czerpak, Agata Jabłońska-Trypuć Zakład Nauk Biologicznych, Wyższa Szkoła Kosmetologii i Ochrony Zdrowia w Białymstoku Summary Macro- and microelements are necessary in the formation and functioning of cellular structures and the course of physiological and metabolic processes. They have osmotic, electrolytic, transporting, buffering, neutralizing, complexing, and detoxicating roles in cells. In order to improve the skin appearance they are used in the form of suitable compounds both in medicine and cosmetology. Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen are the basic elements included in organic compounds that form cellular structures and participate in metabolic processes. Oxygen reactive species are secondary signaling cells. Nitrogen forms numerous organic compounds: nucleic acids, amino acids, proteins, porphyrines, macroergic compounds, vitamins, alkaloids, and complex fats. Phosphorus has structural, metabolic and energetic functions. Calcium is responsible for normal functioning of mechanisms regulating metabolic processes and reactions to environmental stimuli. Magnesium takes part in metabolic processes and as far as cosmetology is concerned, it functions as a component of powders and vitamin C stabilizer. Potassium, sodium, and chlorine are responsible for water-electrolyte balance of the organism. Sulphur is a component of amino acids, glutation, co-enzymes, vitamins, as well as acidic mucopolysaccharides and heparin. In cosmetics it is keratoplastic, bactericidal, and fungicidal. Key words: macroelements, phosphorus, magnesium, potassium, sodium, chlorine, calcium |